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Automated Systems
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Human/Manual Systems
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Requires computers and use of them.
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Requirements vary
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Computers, source of electricity, control of light, temperature and dust.
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Printed information, paper and pens, staff?
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Use of computers, standard keyboard, custom keypad (ATM), reading of screens, (limited voice recognition available).
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Human skills such as reading, writing, good memory, calculation, map reading, special skills, etc.
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Binary logic
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Complex intelligence
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Instructions given to computer must be detailed, explicit, unambiguous.
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Instructions to staff may be general.
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Instructions will be consistently applied.
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Staff may improvise.
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Creation of system (programming and implementation) may be labor intensive.
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The creation of system may be cheap and inexpensive.
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It can be very difficult to change a system after it has been implemented.
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It can be easy to change a system after it has been implemented.
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Decisions that require judgment must be supplied by staff or are not available.
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Decisions that require judgement are easily included in the system.
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Electrical information
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Non-electrical information
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Large numbers of computations and data manipulations may be done very quickly.
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Large numbers of computations and data manipulations can not be done quickly.
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Increasing the scale of the system usually results in a small or moderate increase in the cost of the system.
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Increasing the scale of the system often results in a moderate to large increases in the cost of the system.
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Increasing the scale of the system usually results in no decrease in the speed of the system (or very small decreases in speed).
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Increasing the scale of the system may result in a moderate to large decrease in the speed of the system.
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Data may be replicated and transported quickly and inexpensively to other computers.
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Copying and transporting data may be slow and/or expensive.
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Large quantities of data may be stored inexpensively, retrieved quickly.
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Large quantities of data are expensive to store, cumbersome to retrieve.
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Errors may result in lose or corruption of large quantities of data.
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Some types of accidents (fires) may result in large quantities of data.
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Security issues
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Security issues
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Networked computers must be protected by firewalls, etc. from unauthorized access to data.
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The data of manual systems usually protected by locked filing cabinets, etc.
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Access to secure data usually controlled by passwords, etc.
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Access to secure data usually given to persons recognized by the staff.
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